Phospho-PKR (T446) (4N9) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody
Konjugasyon: Unconjugated
Recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibody
Uygulama
Reaktivite
Human
Gen Adı
EIF2AK2
Saklama
Aliquot and store at -20°C (valid for 12 months). Avoid freeze/thaw cycles.
Özet
| Ürün Adı | Phospho-PKR (T446) (4N9) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody |
| Açıklama | Recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibody |
| Konak | Rabbit |
| Reaktivite | Human |
| Konjugasyon | Unconjugated |
| Modifikasyon | Phosphorylated |
| İzotip | IgG |
| Klonalite | Monoclonal |
| Form | Liquid |
| Konsantrasyon | Unconjugated |
| Saklama | Aliquot and store at -20°C (valid for 12 months). Avoid freeze/thaw cycles. |
| Nakliye | Ice bags. |
| Tampon | Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% New type preservative N and 50% glycerol. Store at +4°C short term. Store at -20°C long term. Avoid freeze / thaw cycle. |
| Saflaştırma | Affinity purification |
Antijen Bilgisi
| Gen Adı | EIF2AK2 |
| Alternatif İsimler | E2AK2;E2AK2; EIF2AK1; EIF2AK2; MGC126524; PKR p68 kinase; PKR; PRKR; |
| Gen Kimliği | 5610 |
| SwissProt Kimliği | P19525 |
| İmmünojen | A synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to residues surrounding Thr446 of human PKR |
Uygulama
| Uygulama | WB,IP |
| Seyreltme Oranı | WB 1:500-1:2000,IP 1:10-1:20 |
| Moleküler Ağırlık | 62kDa |
Araştırma Alanı
| Signal Transduction |
Arka Plan
| PKR a protein kinase of the PEK family. Upon binding double-stranded RNA, it becomes autophosphorylated and activated. Phosphorylates and inhibits the alpha subunit of eIF2 alpha, which leads to an inhibition of the initiation of protein synthesis. IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha) and plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection (PubMed:18835251, PubMed:19507191, PubMed:19189853, PubMed:21123651, PubMed:21072047, PubMed:22948139, PubMed:23229543, PubMed:22381929). Inhibits viral replication via the integrated stress response (ISR): EIF2S1/eIF-2- alpha phosphorylation in response to viral infection converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, resulting to a shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4 (PubMed:19189853, PubMed:21123651, PubMed:22948139, PubMed:23229543). Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), measles virus (MV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1) (PubMed:11836380, PubMed:19189853, PubMed:20171114, PubMed:19840259, PubMed:21710204, PubMed:23115276, PubMed:23399035). Also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation: phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3, IRS1 and the HHV-1 viral protein US11 (PubMed:11836380, PubMed:22214662, PubMed:19229320). In addition to serine/threonine- protein kinase activity, also has tyrosine-protein kinase activity and phosphorylates CDK1 at 'Tyr-4' upon DNA damage, facilitating its ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation (PubMed:20395957). Either as an adapter protein and/or via its kinase activity, can regulate various signaling pathways (p38 MAP kinase, NF-kappa-B and insulin signaling pathways) and transcription factors (JUN, STAT1, STAT3, IRF1, ATF3) involved in the expression of genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines and IFNs (PubMed:22948139, PubMed:23084476, PubMed:23372823). Activates the NF-kappa-B pathway via interaction with IKBKB and TRAF family of proteins and activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway via interaction with MAP2K6 (PubMed:10848580, PubMed:15121867, PubMed:15229216). Can act as both a positive and negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway (ISP) (PubMed:20685959). Negatively regulates ISP by inducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) at 'Ser-312' and positively regulates ISP via phosphorylation of PPP2R5A which activates FOXO1, which in turn up-regulates the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) (PubMed:20685959). Can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and the activation of NLRP3, NLRP1, AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasomes (PubMed:22801494). Plays a role in the regulation of the cytoskeleton by binding to gelsolin (GSN), sequestering the protein in an inactive conformation away from actin (By similarity). |
